Habitat and Substrate: Exposed to partially shaded areas, on soil or soil-covered rocks, sometimes mixed with mosses.

Rhode Island Status: Uncommon.

Pollution Tolerance: Unknown.

Collection Site(s): Ell Pond, Hopkinton (#5036); Black Swamp Area, North Kingstown (#5496, #5497).

Notes: Previously reported in Rhode Island by Bennett (1888) and Riddle (1909).