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Habitat and Substrate: Exposed to shaded areas, on rocks, boulders, and rock outcrops.
Rhode Island Status: Common.
Pollution Tolerance: Intermediate.
Collection Site(s): Crandall Swamp, Westerly (#4852); Schoolhouse Pond/Deep Pond, Charlestown (#4878); Grass Pond, Richmond (#4917); Carolina Wildlife Management Area, Richmond (#4936); Ell Pond, Hopkinton (#5042); Lime Rock, Lincoln (#5105); Headwaters of Wood River, West Greenwich (#5137); Snake Den State Park, Johnston (#5179); Buck Hill Wildlife Management Area, Burrillville (#5230); Blue Pond, Hopkinton (#5326); Nicholas Farm, Coventry (#5352); J.L. Curran Park, Cranston (#5409); Audubon Fort Nature Preserve, North Smithfield (#5459); Iron Mine Hill Road, North Smithfield (#5484).
Notes: Previously reported in Rhode Island by Bennett (1888), Llano (1950), Hebert (Flenniken 1968a), and Flenniken (1968b).
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