Habitat and Substrate: Shaded to partially shaded areas, on tree bark, occasionally on moss-covered rocks.

Rhode Island Status: Common.

Pollution Tolerance: Intermediate, but sensitive to ozone.

Collection Site(s): Lime Rock, Lincoln (#5108); Snake Den State Park, Johnston (#5178); Blue Pond, Hopkinton (#5328); Nicholas Farm, Coventry (#5357); Norman Bird Sanctuary, Middletown (#5381); J.L. Curran Park, Cranston (#5411); Frenchtown Park, East Greenwich (#5430); Audubon Fort Nature Preserve, North Smithfield (#5465); Powder Mill Ledges Wildlife Refuge, Smithfield (#5538).

Notes: Previously reported in Rhode Island by Thomson (1963) and Flenniken (1968b).