Habitat and Substrate: Open to shaded areas, usually on trees; also on rocks and soil among mosses.

Rhode Island Status: Very common.

Pollution Tolerance: Tolerant.

Collection Site(s): Diamond Hill State Park, Cumberland (#4841); Crandall Swamp, Westerly (#4856); Schoolhouse Pond/Deep Pond, Charlestown (#4884); Beaver River, Richmond (#4902); Grass Pond, Richmond (#4922); Great Swamp Area, South Kingstown (#4953); Tuckerman Park, South Kingstown (#4970); Matunuck Hills Area, South Kingstown (#4994); Queen River, Exeter (#5023); Ell Pond, Hopkinton (#5046); Ponagansett Public Fishing Area, Foster (#5065); Casimir Pulaski Memorial Park, Glocester (#5080); Lime Rock, Cumberland (#5112); Headwaters of Wood River, West Greenwich (#5142); Big River Wildlife Management Area, West Greenwich (#5161); Snake Den State Park, Johnston (#5174); Lake Wallum, Burrillville (#5213); Buck Hill Wildlife Management Area, Burrillville (#5238); Scituate Reservoir, Scituate (#5253); Clayville Cemetery, Foster (#5267); First Baptist Church at Cross Mills, Charlestown (#5277); Pettaquamscutt River Area, North Kingstown (#5289); Pawtucket River Pine Barrens, Richmond (#5304); Blue Pond, Hopkinton (#5334); Nicholas Farm, Coventry (#5359); Norman Bird Sanctuary, Middletown (#5382); Tiverton Four Corners Cemetery, Tiverton (#5401); J.L. Curran Park, Cranston (#5413); Frenchtown Park, East Greenwich (#5432); Lincoln Woods, Lincoln (#5448); Audubon Fort Nature Preserve, North Smithfield (#5468); Black Swamp Area, North Kingstown (#5506); Powder Mill Ledges Wildlife Refuge, Smithfield (#5540); Kimball Wildlife Sanctuary, Charlestown (#5573); George Parker Woodlands, Coventry (#5589); Conanicut Island Cemetery, Jamestown (#5616).

Notes: Previously reported in Rhode Island by Bennett (1888), Culberson and Culberson (1956), Hebert (Flenniken 1968a), Flenniken (1968b), and Greene (2000).