Habitat and Substrate: Open areas to deep shade, on rock, often on vertical slopes.

Rhode Island Status: Common.

Pollution Tolerance: Intermediate.

Collection Site(s): Grass Pond, Richmond (#4924); Sprague Farm, Glocester (#5093); Headwaters of Wood River, West Greenwich (#5145); Snake Den State Park, Johnston (#5183, #5184); Buck Hill Wildlife Management Area, Burrillville (#5240); Frenchtown Park, East Greenwich (#5433); Lincoln Woods, Lincoln (#5449); Iron Mine Hill Road, North Smithfield (#5485); Blue Pond, Hopkinton (#5520); George Parker Woodlands, Coventry (#5590).

Notes: Previously reported in Rhode Island by Bennett (1888), Llano (1950), Hebert (Flenniken 1968a), and Flenniken (1968b).