Rhode Island's Foliose and Fruticose Lichens PDF version of this pagePrinter-friendly version of this pagePreviousNext  
 
REFERENCES

Ahti, Teuvo. 1961. Taxonomic studies on the reindeer lichens (Clad subgenus Cladina). Annales Botanici Societis Zooligica Botanicae Fennicea 'Vanamos' 32: 1-160.

Bennett, James L. 1888. Plants of Rhode Island, being an enumeration of the plants growing without cultivation in the state of Rhode Island. Proceedings of the Providence Franklin Society.

Brodo, Irwin M. 1968. The lichens of Long Island, New York: a vegetational and floristic analysis. Bulletin 410. New York State Museum and Science Service, Albany, NY.

Culberson, W. L. 1961. The Parmelia quercina subgroup in North America. American Journal of Botany 48: 168-174.

----- and C. Culberson. 1956. The systematics of the Parmelia dubia group in North America. American Journal of Botany 43: 678-687.

Esslinger, Theodore L. and Robert S. Egan. 1995. A sixth checklist of lichen-forming, licheninocolous, and allied fungi of the United States and Canada. The Bryologist 98: 467-549.

Evans, A.W. 1944. Supplemental report on the Cladoniae of Connecticut. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. 35: 519-626.

Flenniken, Don. 1968a. A re-evaluation of the Anne Hebert collection of Rhode Island lichens, 1963-64 (unpublished manuscript).

-----. 1968b. The lichens of Rhode Island with notes on their ecological distribution (unpublished paper submitted to the University of Rhode Island's Summer Institute in field biology and ecology, 1968; updated and revised, February 2000).

-----. 1999. The macrolichens in West Virginia. Published by the author, Wooster, OH. 231 pp., 26 pl.

Greene, Doug. 2000. Lichens of Roger Williams Park, BioBlitz 2000 (personal communication).

Hale, Mason E., Jr. 1950. The lichens of Anton Forrest, Connecticut. The Bryologist 53: 180-212.

-----. 1964. The Parmelia conspersa group in North America and Europe. The Bryologist 67: 462-473.

-----. 1965. A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions of the United States National Herbarium 36: 193-358.

-----. 1979. How to know the lichens. 2nd ed. William C. Brown Co., Dubuque, IA. 246 pp.

Hinds, James W. 1998. Lichen Flora of eastern North America: the genus Parmelia sensu stricto, pp. 53-70. In Glenn, M.G., R.C. Harris, R. Dirig, and M.S. Cole, Eds., Lichenographia Thomsoniana: North American Lichenology in Honor of John W. Thomson. Mycotaxon Ltd., Ithaca, NY. 445 pp.

Lindblom, Louise. 1997. The genus Xanthoria (Fr.) Th. Fr. in North America. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory. 83: 75-172.

Llano, George A. 1950. A monograph of the lichen family Umbilicariaceae in the Western Hemisphere. Navexos P-831. Office of Naval Research, Washington, D.C. 281 pp.

McCune, Bruce and Linda Geiser. 1997. Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR. 386 pp.

Metzler, Kenneth. J. 1980. Lichens and air pollution: a study in Connecticut. Report of Investigations No. 9. State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut, Hartford, CT.

Richardson, David H.S. 1981. Pollution monitoring with lichens. Naturalists' Handbook 19. Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd., Slough, UK. 76 pp.

Riddle, L.W. circa 1910. Lists of New England lichens. Available from the Farlow Herbarium Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.

St. Clair, Larry L. 1999. A color guide to common Rocky Mountain lichens. M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. 242 pp.

Thomson, John W. 1963. The lichen genus Physcia in North America. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 7: 1-173.

All text copyright 2003, Rhode Island Natural History Survey
Publication design copyright 2003, Science Editors Company